Power Transformers

Transformers are electronic devices that transfer alternating (AC) electric energy from one circuit into another through producing electromagnetic induction. These transformers mainly consist of a ferromagnetic core and two or more coils. Transformers work by a changing current in the primary winding creates an alternating magnetic field in the core. The core multiplies this field and couples the most of the flux through the secondary windings. This in turn induces alternating voltage in each of the secondary coil according to Faraday's law.

Power transformers are designed to change amplitude of high-frequency pulses by the turn’s ratio and to provide isolation between circuits. Note that it can't transfer a DC component of the pulse voltage: in a steady state mode net volt-seconds across each winding should be zero, otherwise the core will saturate. DC output voltage is obtained only by using rectifiers. Note that an average voltage across a real coil's terminals can be non-zero due to non-zero coil's resistance.

INDUCTORS- IN SHORT--!

Inductor is an electrical device ,used in various circuits because of it’s property of inducing magnetic charge .Inductor consists of wire loop or coil which has the ability to oppose the flow of current through it. Its function is to introduce inductance [resist flow of current] into a circuit.
The property of inductor to oppose current flow or its inductance is dependent on the number of turns of the coil, its core and length of the coil.
Since, inductors have the ability to delay flowing current, they are the basic electronic component used in electronics where current and voltage change frequently.
There are three different types of inductors commonly known which fixed, variable and adjustable inductors .

1. Fixed conductors are used in household devices, radios, TV etc.

2. Variable inductors are used in variable inductors, where you can control inductance as it consists of different moving parts which allow scope for more control.

3. Adjustable inductors- they have different points which provide different inductance as per the requirement.

Inductors are used for varied functions in different electronic devices .They are used as protectors or absorbers because they can block strong current changes. It’s basic importance is that, they are used in construction of transformers and they are commonly used in devices like radio to lower the interference.

Transformers: An Introduction

The principle of transformer was explained and demonstrated in 1831 by Michael Faraday. Basically, it is a device used to transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another. A transformer also changes electricity from high to low voltage by using two properties of electricity. There is magnetism placed around the electric circuit of a transformer. So, every time when a magnetic field changes, a voltage is made.

The loss of the transformer greatly disrupts our normal way of living as power is required for almost every activity such as heating, cooking, cooling, sound, light, computation etc. Main reasons for failure of transformers are winding resistance, hysteresis losses, eddy currents, magnetostriction, mechanical losses, and stray losses.

There are various kinds of transformer like current transformer, isolation transformer, power transformer, electric transformer, audio transformer, fly back transformer, high voltage transformer, low voltage transformer, step down transformer, push pull transformer, isolation transformer.

Thanks to the development in the transformer technology, electric transformer has been put into use everywhere. This updated device is used to transfer an alternating current or voltage from on circuit to another by means of electromagnetic induction.